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Topic 1.4 从 C++ 到 C

Abstract

  1. 学会使用 CMake 打包程序库
  2. 完成实验 0，能够使用 SFTP 进行远程编辑
  3. 阅读 from_cxx_to_c 中的程序，体会 C++ 和 C 的异同

CMake

CMake is a family of tools designed to build, test and package software. CMake is used to control the software compilation process using simple platform and compiler independent configuration files, and generate makefiles and workspaces that can be used in the compiler environment of your choice.

阅读材料

  • CMakeLists.txt

With CMake, we write CMakeLists.txt files to inform it where to find source code and header files.

cmake-simpler-flowchart

参见：https://preshing.com/20170522/learn-cmakes-scripting-language-in-15-minutes/

We then call CMake to generate makefiles, which are then used to compile and generate libraries and executables.

目录结构

  • starter-proj
.
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── SimpleCSLib
├── String_Length
└── build

相关文件

  • starter-proj/CMakeLists.txt

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    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)

# Set project information
project(
    From_Cxx_To_C
    LANGUAGES C
)

# Add library
add_subdirectory(SimpleCSLib)

# Test example
add_subdirectory(String_Length)

  • starter-proj/SimpleCSLib/CMakeLists.txt

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    # 1. Minimum Version
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)

# 2. Setting a project: project information
project(
    SimpleCSLib
    VERSION 0.1
    DESCRIPTION "A Simple C Library for Introductory CS"
    LANGUAGES C)

# 3. Making a library: add a library target
add_library(${PROJECT_NAME} STATIC)

# 4. Properties: define C standard ...
set_target_properties( ${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES
    C_STANDARD 17
    C_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON
    C_EXTENSIONS ON)

# 5. Reading files
file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/*.c)

file(GLOB_RECURSE HEADER_FILES CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/*.h)

# 6. Add source and header files to the library target
target_sources(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${SOURCE_FILES} ${HEADER_FILES})

# 7. Add include directories
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)